River System of Jammu and Kashmir:- jkssb study material.

 

River System of Jammu and Kashmir

🌊

Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) is blessed with a stunning network of rivers flowing from the mighty Himalayas. These rivers power the region’s agriculture, hydropower, and tourism. Let’s dive into the key rivers—Jhelum, Chenab, Indus, Ravi, and Tawi—presented in an engaging and exam-ready format!

🌟 Major Rivers at a Glance

RiverAncient NameOriginLength in J&KKey Significance
JhelumVitastaVerinag Spring (Anantnag)~203 kmLifeline of Kashmir, Wular Lake
ChenabAsikniBara Lacha Pass (HP)~400 kmLongest in J&K, Hydropower Hub
Indus-Mansarovar Lake (Tibet)~1,500 kmLongest in subcontinent
RaviIravatiBara Banghal (HP)~150 kmRanjit Sagar Dam
TawiSuryaputriKali Kundi Glacier (Doda)~150 kmFlows through Jammu city

🌊 River Details: Deep Dive

1. Jhelum River 🌟

  • Origin: Verinag Spring, Anantnag (Kashmir)
  • Course:
    • Flows through Srinagar → Wular Lake → Baramulla → Uri → Pakistan
  • Tributaries:
    • Vishaw, Lidder, Sindh, Kishanganga (Neelum), Pohru, Dudhganga
  • Fun Facts:
    • Known as the "Lifeline of Kashmir"
    • Navigable from Khanabal to Baramulla
    • Hydropower: Uri-I, Kishanganga, Ganderbal
    • Famous for Srinagar’s nine historic bridges

Quick Chart:

FeatureDetails
Length in J&K~203 km
Major LakeWular (Largest in India)
Hydropower ProjectsUri-I, Lower Jhelum, Kishanganga

2. Chenab River ⚡

  • Origin: Bara Lacha Pass (Himachal Pradesh)
  • Course:
    • Enters J&K at Paddar → Kishtwar → Doda → Ramban → Akhnoor → Pakistan
  • Tributaries:
    • Marusudar, Tawi, Bhaga, Chandra
  • Highlights:
    • Longest river in J&K (~400 km in region)
    • Nicknamed "Chandrabhaga" (Chandra + Bhaga)
    • Hydropower giants: Salal, Baglihar, Dul Hasti

Quick Chart:

FeatureDetails
Total Length~960 km
Key ProjectsBaglihar, Salal, Ratle
JoinsIndus in Pakistan

3. Indus River 🏔️

  • Origin: Mansarovar Lake, Tibet
  • Course:
    • Enters Ladakh near Demchok → Leh → Nanga Parbat → Pakistan
  • Tributaries:
    • Zanskar, Shyok, Nubra, Dras, Suru
  • Why It’s Special:
    • Longest river in the subcontinent (~3,180 km)
    • Perfect for river rafting
    • Governed by Indus Water Treaty (1960)

Quick Chart:

FeatureDetails
Length in J&K~1,500 km
Famous ForRugged course, rafting
Key TributaryZanskar

4. Ravi River 🌲

  • Origin: Bara Banghal, Himachal Pradesh
  • Course:
    • Enters J&K near Basohli → Indo-Pak border → Punjab → Pakistan
  • Tributaries:
    • Siawa, Ujh
  • Key Highlights:
    • Powers Ranjit Sagar Dam (Thein)
    • Part of Indus Basin

Quick Chart:

FeatureDetails
Length in J&K~150 km
Major ProjectRanjit Sagar Dam
JoinsChenab in Pakistan

5. Tawi River 🌄

  • Origin: Kali Kundi Glacier, Bhaderwah (Doda)
  • Course:
    • Chenani → Udhampur → Jammu city → Joins Chenab near Akhnoor
  • Why It Matters:
    • Main river of Jammu city
    • Chenani Hydropower Project (23 MW)

Quick Chart:

FeatureDetails
Length~150 km
SignificanceJammu’s lifeline
JoinsChenab

🌍 Other Notable Rivers

RiverOriginJoinsHighlight
ZanskarDrang Drung GlacierIndus (Nimmu)Famous for rafting
ShyokRimo GlacierIndus (Skardu)Flows through northern Ladakh
KishangangaGurez ValleyJhelumHydropower project
DrasMachoi GlacierSuruNear Zoji La Pass

🎯 Exam Booster: Must-Know Facts

  • Indus Water Treaty (1960):
    • India controls: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi (limited use)
    • Pakistan controls: Indus
  • Hydropower Hotspots: Chenab (Baglihar, Salal), Jhelum (Uri, Kishanganga)
  • Wular Lake: Fed by Jhelum; India’s largest freshwater lake
  • MCQ Traps: Ancient names (Vitasta, Asikni), origins, and projects

🌟 Visual Recap: River Lengths in J&K

RiverLength in J&K (Approx.)
Indus1,500 km
Chenab400 km
Jhelum203 km
Ravi150 km
Tawi150 km
Location: Jammu and Kashmir

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